• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    EQUIPMENT AND METHOD FOR DRILLING A WELL HOLE, ESTABLISHING A TERMINAL COATING AND CEMENTING THE WELL HOLE DURING A SINGLE MANEUVER. The present invention relates to a method of forming a wellbore which in one embodiment includes transporting an inner column and an outer column down the well; attach the inner column to the outer column at a first location and form the wellbore; and attaching the inner column to the outer column at a second well location above the first location and cementing an annular space between the outer column and the wellbore, without removing the inner column from the wellbore.
    公开号:BR112015001311B1
    申请号:R112015001311-2
    申请日:2013-08-22
    公开日:2021-05-18
    发明作者:Ingo Roders；Thorsten Regener；Carl C. Clemmensen；Sascha Schwartze；Trond R. Skar；Tore Sorheim；Morten Eidem；Gaute Grindhaug
    申请人:Baker Hughes Incorporated；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED ORDERS
    [001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application 13/591,646, filed on August 22, 2012, incorporated herein in its entirety by way of reference. BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
    [002] The present disclosure relates to apparatus and methods for drilling a wellbore, lining the wellbore and cementing the wellbore during a single maneuver of a downhole drilling string. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
    [003] Well holes are drilled in earth formations with the use of a drill string to produce hydrocarbons (oil and gas) from underground reservoirs. Wells are generally completed by placing a casing (also referred to herein as an "end casing" or "pipe") in the wellbore. The gap between the end casing and the inside of the wellbore, referred to as the "annular gap" is then filled with cement. The end lining and cement can be perforated to allow hydrocarbons to flow from the reservoirs to the surface through a production column installed within the end lining. Some wells are drilled with drill strings that include an outer string that is produced from the end casing and an inner string that includes a drill bit (called a "pilot drill"), a downhole assembly, and a device of maneuver. The inner column is placed inside the outer column and firmly attached to it in a suitable location. The pilot drill, downhole assembly and switchgear extend beyond the end casing to drill a bypass well. The pilot drill drills a pilot well that is flared by a reamer drill attached to the bottom end of the end casing. The end casing is then anchored to the wellbore. The inner column is pulled out of the wellbore and the annular space between the wellbore and the end casing is then cemented.
    [004] The disclosure herein provides a drill string and methods for using the same to drill a wellbore and cement the wellbore during a single maneuver. DISCLOSURE SUMMARY
    [005] In one aspect, the disclosure provides a method for forming a wellbore which in one embodiment includes: providing a drill string that includes an inner column that has a pilot drill and a countersink and an outer column that includes an end cap and reamer drill at one end of the end cap; drill a well with the pilot drill to a size first followed by the countersink to at least the size of the outer column; collect the pilot drill from inside the outer column; widening a remaining section of the pilot well with the reamer bit to form the wellbore; cement an annular space between the end casing and the wellbore during a single drill string maneuver in the wellbore.
    [006] In another aspect, an apparatus for forming a wellbore is provided wherein one embodiment includes an outer column having an end casing and a reamer drill at one end thereof and an inner column having a pilot drill and a countersink configured to pass through the outer column, wherein the inner column is configured to attach to the outer column at the first location for the pilot bit to drill a hole of a first size and the countersink to widen the pilot well to at least the size of the outer column; and attaching to a second location to allow the reamer drill to widen a remaining section of the first size hole into a second size hole to form the wellbore.
    [007] Examples of certain features of the apparatus and method disclosed herein are summarized quite broadly so that the detailed description thereof that follows may be understood. There are, of course, additional features of the apparatus and method disclosed hereinafter which will form the subject matter of the claims. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
    [008] For a detailed understanding of the present disclosure, references should be made to the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the attached drawings, in which similar elements have been given respective numbers and in which:
    [009] Figure 1 is a line diagram of an exemplary drill string that includes an inner column and an outer column, wherein the inner column is connected to a first location of the outer column to drill a hole of a first size;
    [0010] Figure 2 shows the drill string of Figure 1, in which the inner string is withdrawn from within the outer string and attached to the outer string at a second location to countersink the hole of the first size to form the wellbore;
    [0011] Figure 3 shows the drill string of Figure 1, where the inner column was pulled up the well and connected to a third location in the outer column and where a first flap valve was activated and an end casing hanger in the external column has been activated to attach it to the wellbore;
    [0012] Figure 4 shows the drill string of Figure 1, in which the inner column is locked with the outer column so that rotating the inner column will cause the outer column to rotate during cementation; and
    [0013] Figure 5 shows the drill string of Figure 1, in which the inner string has been pulled upstream and attached to a fourth location in the outer string and a second flap valve has been activated so that the inner string can be pulled to the surface. DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE
    [0014] In general, the disclosure provides apparatus and methods for drilling a wellbore, establishing an end casing in the drilled wellbore, and cementing the annular space between the end casing and the wellbore in a single maneuver. In aspects, the apparatus may include an inner column that can be connected to an outer column that has an end cap (also referred to as the "column end cap") at different spaced locations. In aspects, the apparatus can be rearranged to drill a wellbore, install or suspend an end casing in the wellbore, and cement the wellbore during a single downhole maneuver. In other aspects, the apparatus can be used to drill a pilot well, widen the pilot well, countersink the flared hole to a desired size, and cement the wellbore during a single downhole maneuver. In other aspects, the inner column can be connected to and released from the outer column using command signals sent from a surface location.
    [0015] Figure 1 is a line diagram of an exemplary column 100 that includes an exemplary inner column 110 disposed in an exemplary outer column 150. In this embodiment, the inner column 110 is adapted to pass through the outer column 150 and connect to the inside 150a of the outer column 150 at a number of spaced locations (also referred to herein as the "settlements" or "settlement locations"). The shown embodiment of the outer column 150 includes three seats, namely, a bottom seat 152, a middle seat 154 and an upper seat 156. The inner column 110 includes a borehole assembly 120 (also referred to as the "downhole assembly". ") connected to a bottom end of a tubular member 101, such as a column of connected tubes or a coiled tubing. The drill assembly 120 has a drill bit 102 (also referred to herein as the "pilot drill") at the bottom end itself for drilling a well of a first size 192a (also referred to herein as the "well- pilot"). Drill assembly 120 further includes a maneuvering device 104 which in one embodiment may include a number of force applying members 105 configured to extend from drill assembly 120 to apply force to wall 192a' of pilot well 192a drilled by Pilot Drill 102 to maneuver a Pilot Drill 102 along a selected direction, as well as to drill a detoured pilot well. Drilling assembly 120 may also include a drill motor (also referred to as the "mud motor") 108 configured to rotate the pilot drill 102 when a fluid 107 under pressure is supplied to the inner column 110. In the particular configuration of Figure 1, the drill mount 120 is also shown to include a countersink 112 that can be extended from and retracted towards the body of the drill mount, as desired, to widen the pilot well 192a to form the borehole. well 192b, for at least the size of the outer column. In aspects, the borehole assembly 120 includes a number of sensors (collectively designated by the numeral 109) to provide signals relating to a number of parameters below, which include, but are not limited to, various properties or characteristics of formation 195 and parameters. and parameters relating to the operation of column 100. The drill assembly 120 also includes a control circuit (also referred to as a "controller") 124 which may include circuitry 125 for conditioning signals from the various sensors 109, a processor 126, such as a microprocessor, a data storage device 127, such as solid-state memory, and programs 128 accessible to processor 126 to execute instructions contained in programs 128. Controller 124 communicates with a surface controller (not shown) via of a suitable telemetry device 129a that provides two-way communication between the internal column. erna 110 and the surface controller. Telemetry unit 129a can utilize any set of suitable data communication procedures, which include, but are not limited to, mud pulse telemetry, acoustic telemetry, electromagnetic telemetry and cable tube telemetry. A power generating unit 129b in the inner column 110 provides electrical power to the various components in the inner column 110, which includes the sensors 109 and other components in the drill assembly 120. The drill assembly may also include a second power generating device 123 capable of providing electrical power independent of the presence of the power generated with the use of drilling fluid 107.
    [0016] In aspects, the inner column 110 may additionally include a sealing device 130 (also referred to as a "sealing sub") which may also include a sealing element 132, such as an expandable and retractable packer configured to provide a fluid seal between the inner column 110 and the outer column 150 when the sealing element 132 is activated to be in an expanded state.
    [0017] Additionally, the inner column 110 may include an end casing driver sub 136 that includes engagement elements 136a and 136b that can be removably connected to any of the seating locations on the outer column 150 as described in more detail with reference to Figures 2 to 5. The inner column 110 may additionally include a hanger activating device or sub 138 which has sealing members 138a and 138b configured to activate a swivel hanger 170 on the outer column 150. The inner column may include an third power generating device 140b, such as a turbine driven device, operated by fluid 107 flowing through inner column 110 configured to generate electrical power and a second two-way telemetry device 140a using any set of procedures communication devices, which include, but are not limited to, mud pulse telemetry, acoustics, wired tube, and electromagnetic. The inner column 110 may additionally include a fourth power generating device 141, independent of the presence of a power generating source with the use of drilling fluid 107, such as batteries. Inner column 110 may additionally include short tubes 144 and a burst sub 146.
    [0018] Still referring to Figure 1, the outer column 150 includes an end cap 180 which can house or contain a reamer drill 151 at the lower end thereof. The reamer drill 151 is configured to widen a surplus portion of the hole 192a made by the pilot drill 102 as described later with reference to Figure 2. In aspects, attaching the inner column to the lower seat 152 allows the inner column 110 to drill the well. - pilot 192a and reamer 112 widen it to a well size 192 which is at least as wide as the outer column 150. Attaching the inner column 110 to the middle seat 154 allows the reamer 151 to widen the hole section 192a not enlarged by reamer 112 (also referred to in this document as "remaining well" or "remaining pilot well"). Attaching the inner column to the upper seat 156 allows to cement the annular space 187 between the end casing 180 and the formation 195 without pulling the inner column 110 to the surface, i.e., in a single maneuver of the column 100 down the well. The lower seat 152 includes a female key 152a and a bezel groove 152b for attaching to the attachment elements 136a and 136b of the end cap driver sub 136. Similarly, the middle seat 154 includes a female key 154a and a groove of crimping 154b and top seat 156 includes a female key 156a and crimping groove 156b. Any other suitable engagement mechanism for connecting the inner column 110 to the outer column 150 may be used for the purpose of this disclosure.
    [0019] The outer column 150 may additionally include a flow control device 162, such as a flap valve, placed on the inside 150a of the outer column 150 near the lower end thereof 153. In Figure 1, the device flow control switch 162 is in a disabled or open position. In such a position, the flow control device 162 allows fluid communication between the wellbore 192 and the inside 150a of the outer column 150. In one aspect, the flow control device 162 can be activated (i.e., closed) when pilot drill 102 is withdrawn from inside outer column 150 to prevent fluid communication from wellbore 192 to inside 150a of outer column 150. Flow control device 162 is disabled (i.e., open ) when the pilot drill 102 is extended outside the outer column 150, as described in more detail with reference to Figure 4. In one aspect, force applying members 105 or other suitable device can be configured to activate the flow control device 162. A reverse flow control device 166, such as a reverse flapper valve, may also be provided to prevent fluid communication from inside the external column 150 to locations below the valve. flap inverse 166. Outer column 150 also includes a hanger 170 that can be activated by hanger activation sub 138 to anchor outer column 150 to host casing 190. The host casing is relocated to the previous wellbore to drilling the wellbore 192 with the column 100. In one aspect, the outer column 150 includes a sealing device 185 to provide a seal between the outer column 150 and the host casing 190. The outer column 150 additionally includes a receptacle 184 at the upper end thereof which may include a protective sleeve 181 having a female key 182a and a crimping groove 182b. A debris barrier 183 may also be provided to prevent debris made by drill bit 102, countersink 112 and reamer bit 151 from entering the space or annular space between inner column 110 and outer column 150. One way to drill a wellbore, placing an end cap in the wellbore and grouting the wellbore is described below with reference to Figures 1 to 5.
    [0020] To drill the wellbore 192, the inner column 110 is placed inside the outer column 150 and attached to the outer column 150 in the lower seat 152 by activating the coupling devices 136a and 136b of the end casing driver sub 136 as per shown in Figure 1. This engagement device 136, when activated, connects engagement elements 136a to the female keys 152a and engagement elements 136b to the engagement groove 152b in the lower seat 152. In this configuration, the Pilot Drill 102 and the reamer 112 extend beyond reamer drill 151. In operation, drilling fluid 107 charges drill motor 108 which rotates pilot drill 102 to cause it to drill into pilot well 192a while reamer 112 widens the well. Pilot drill to well 192. Pilot drill 102 and countersink 112 can also be rotated by rotating drill string 100, in addition to rotating them by motor 108.
    [0021] Now referring to Figure 2, after the well 192a has been drilled by the pilot bit 102 and widened by the reamer 112 to a desired depth, the drill motor 108 and the spin of the drill string 100 are stopped. Inner column 110 is then detached from outer column 150 in bottom seat 152. Inner column 110 is pulled up well and connected to outer column 150 in middle seat 154 by activating end casing driver sub 136, which causes that the connecting members 136a and 136b engage the female key 154a and the crimp slot 154b of the middle seat 154. In this configuration, the pilot drill 102 is positioned slightly below or well below the reamer drill 151, as shown in Figure 2 The drill string 100 shown in Figure 2 is then rotated to countersink or widen the remaining well 192a by the reamer drill 151. If desired, the wellbore 192 can be drilled beyond the initial depth of the pilot well by turning of the drill string 100, which will rotate both the pilot drill 102 in addition to the motor and the reamer drill 151. In such a configuration, the switching device 104 being within the outer string 150 cannot be is activated to maneuver drill string 100. For clarity, end casing 190 installed in the previous installation is shown placed in the wellbore overlying a portion of string 100.
    [0022] Figure 3 shows a configuration of the column 100 for establishing the end casing 180 in the wellbore 192. To establish the end casing 180, the inner column 110 is pulled above the well to make the maneuvering members 105 of the device maneuver 104 move protective sleeve 164 of lower flap valve 162 up well. The flap valve 162 is shown to include a primary flap 162a and a secondary redundant flap 162b. The flap valve 162, once activated (as shown in Figure 3), prevents the flow of fluid from the wellbore 192 back into the outer column 150. The switching members 105 are then deactivated or withdrawn and the co- Inner column 110 pulled back to connect it to the top seat 156 as shown in Figure 3. To connect the inner column to the top seat 156, the end casing driver sub 136 is activated to cause the connecting members 136b to lock together. crimp slot 156b of top seat 156. Hanger activating sub 138 is activated to activate end coat hanger 170 to cause anchor 170a of end coat hanger 170 to attach to end receiving coat 190. Such a configuration of the end casing hanger 170 allows the outer column 150 to be rotated even though it is attached to the host casing 190. It should be noted that, in the method described herein, the end host liner 190 has already been installed and therefore the external dimensions of the outer column 150 are smaller than the internal dimensions of the previously installed end host liner 190.
    [0023] Figure 4 shows column 100 ready for cementation. Prior to cementation, inner column 110 is pulled up well to lock connecting members 136a of end coat driver sub 136 to female key 156a of top seat 156. In this position, rotating inner column 110 causes the outer column rotate. Pulling the inner column 110 up to the key 156a also causes the switching members 105 of the switching device 104 to activate the upper reverse flapper 166 by causing the members 166a to fall into the outer column 150. At this stage, column 100 is ready for cementation. To cement the annular space 187 between the outer column 150 and the wellbore 192, a quantity of cement 111 is pumped from the surface into the inner column 110. The cement 111 is discharged from the bottom of the drill bit and fills the annular space 187 and space 109a below pilot drill 102. Flaps 162a and 162b allow for a one-way flow of cement 111 and thus pumped cement cannot return into outer column 150. Column 100 can be rotated during the process of cementation for uniform distribution of cement 111 in the annular space 187. The attachments between the inner column and the outer column are configured so that they provide enough torque so that turning the inner column from the surface causes the outer column to rotate while cementation occurs.
    [0024] Reference will now be made to Figure 5, once the cementation process is complete, the inner column 110 is pulled up well to cause the end casing driver sub 136 to engage the protective sleeve 181. The packer 185 is activated to provide a seal between the outer end cap 180 and the previously installed end cap 190. Pulling the inner column 110 also causes the flap 166b of the reverse flap 166 to be relocated, which prevents fluid from flowing out of the inner column 110 in addition to flap 166b. This allows any fluid supplied to the inner column 110 to circulate in the space 196 between the inner column 110 and the outer column 150. The debris barrier 183 prevents debris from entering the space 196 between the inner column 110 and the outer column 150 from well above. Once packer 185 is established, inner column 110 is pulled out of the hole, which pulls protective sleeve 181 to the surface, thereby drilling a wellbore, aligning the wellbore and cementing the hole through a drill string that carries a terminal casing during a single manoeuvre.
    [0025] Thus, in one aspect, the drill string 100 can be used to drill a wellbore, deploy the wellbore, install an end casing in the wellbore, and cement the annular space between the end casing and the borehole during a single drill string maneuver in the wellbore, that is, without removing the drill string from the wellbore. It should be noted that the drill string modality shown in Figure 1 is an exemplary configuration. The drill string can be configured in any number of alternative ways. For example, drill string 100 can be configured to include two or more settlements. In other configurations, the countersink may or may not be used. In some configurations, the reamer can be turned on or off when required, such as by transmitting a command signal from the surface to the controller on the drill string. In some configurations, the end coat may or may not contain the countersink. The flap valve can be activated by any suitable device, which includes the switching device. Prior to pumping the cement, the end casing swivel hanger can be hydraulically activated by a hanger activating sub inside the inner column or other mechanism. The connection of the inner column and the end casing column can be activated by an end casing trigger sub in response to a downlink signal supplied from the surface. The end cap sub can also provide transmission of torque and axial forces.
    [0026] Although the above disclosure is directed to the preferred embodiments of the disclosure, various modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. All variations within the scope and spirit of the appended claims are intended to be covered by the foregoing disclosure.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [0001]
    1. A method of forming a wellbore (192) comprising: providing a drill string (100) having an outer string (150) that includes a plurality of spaced apart settlement locations (152, 154, 156) and a string inner (110) configured to attach to outer column (150) at each of the plurality of seating locations (152, 154, 156); and attaching the inner column (110) to a first seating location (152) of the outer column (150) and forming the wellbore (192) with the inner column (110) of a first size and widening a first portion of the hole. well (192) of the first size to a second size that is at least as wide as the outer column (150); the method characterized by: detaching the inner column (110) from the first settlement location (152); attaching the inner column (110) to a second seating location (154) of the outer column (150); and enlarging a second portion of the wellbore (192) of the first size to at least the size of the outer column (150) with the inner column (110) attached to the second seating location (154).
    [0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises detaching the inner column (110) from the second seating location (154), attaching the inner column (110) to the outer column (150) in a third settlement location (156) and cementing an annular space (187) between the outer column (150) and the wellbore (192).
    [0003]
    3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises activating a flow control device (162) in the outer column (150) configured to prevent the flow of a fluid from the wellbore (192) in the outer column (150).
    [0004]
    4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises sealing the annular space (196) between the inner column (110) and the outer column (150) at a selected location of the outer column (150).
    [0005]
    5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises sealing the annular space (196) between the outer column (150) and a previously installed tubular (190) or the well hole (192) in a selected location of the outer column (150).
    [0006]
    6. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises activating a flow control device (162) in the outer column (150) configured to prevent the flow of a fluid from the outer column (150) to the wellbore (192).
    [0007]
    7. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises rotating the outer column (150) while cementing, wherein the torque is supplied by attaching the inner column (110) to the outer column (150).
    [0008]
    8. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises taking measurements while forming the wellbore (192) with the use of one or more sensors (109).
    [0009]
    9. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises removing the inner column (110) from the outer column (150) and thereby forming the well hole (192), placing the outer column ( 150) in the wellbore (192) and cementing the annular space between the outer string (150) and the wellbore (192) during a single maneuver of the drill string (100) in the wellbore (192).
    [0010]
    10. Apparatus for forming a wellbore (192), comprising: an outer column (150) including a plurality of axially spaced seating locations (152, 154, 156); and an inner column (110) configured to be attached to: a first seating location (152) of the outer column (150) to form with the inner column (110) the wellbore (192) of a first size and widen a first portion of the wellbore (192) from the first size to a second size that is at least as wide as the outer column (150); the apparatus characterized by: an inner column (110) being configured to detach from a first seating location (152) of the outer column (150) and move to a second seating location (154) of an outer column (150) well above the first settlement location (152); and attaching to the second seating location (154) to widen a second portion of the wellbore (192) of the first size to at least the size of the outer column (150).
    [0011]
    11. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that it further comprises a device for drilling a hole in the inner column (110) configured to enlarge at least a portion of the wellbore (192) from the first size to a second size. wider than the outer column (150).
    [0012]
    12. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that it additionally comprises a flow control device (162) in the outer column (150) configured to prevent the flow of a fluid from the wellbore (192 ) into the outer column (150) when activated.
    [0013]
    13. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the inner column (110) is additionally configured to be attached to the second settlement (154) or a third settlement to the outer column (150) to allow cementation of a space annular (196) between the outer column (150) and the wellbore (192).
    [0014]
    14. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that it additionally comprises a device that allows sealing of an annular space (196) between the inner (110) and outer (150) columns at a selected location of the outer column ( 150).
    [0015]
    15. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that it additionally comprises a device (185) that allows the sealing of an annular space between the outer column (150) and a previously installed pipe or well hole (192 ) at a selected location of the outer column (150).
    [0016]
    16. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that attaching the internal column (110) to the first settlement location (152) and then to the second settlement location (154) allows the formation of the well hole (192 ), place an end casing (180) in the wellbore (192) and cement the wellbore (192) during a single maneuver of the inner column (110) in the wellbore (192).
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    法律状态:
    2018-11-21| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-01-14| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-02| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-05-18| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 22/08/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US13/591,646|2012-08-22|
    US13/591,646|US9004195B2|2012-08-22|2012-08-22|Apparatus and method for drilling a wellbore, setting a liner and cementing the wellbore during a single trip|
    PCT/US2013/056110|WO2014031817A1|2012-08-22|2013-08-22|Apparatus and method for drillng a wellbore, setting a liner and cementing the wellbore during a single trip|
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